Warm the olive oil in a Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Add the cubed chicken breast and cook for approximately 5–7 minutes, turning as needed, until the pieces are browned on all sides.
Stir in the minced garlic and continue cooking for about 30 seconds, stirring continuously to prevent the garlic from scorching.
Add the tomato paste and chopped sun-dried tomatoes. Stir thoroughly and cook for another 1–2 minutes, until the mixture is aromatic and evenly incorporated.
Pour the low-sodium chicken broth and heavy cream into the Dutch oven with the browned chicken mixture.
Add the fresh basil, kosher salt, Italian seasoning, onion powder, garlic powder, and crushed red pepper flakes. Stir until the seasonings are evenly dispersed throughout the liquid.
Bring the soup to a gentle boil over medium heat, allowing the broth and seasonings to blend before adding the pasta.
Stir the orzo into the boiling soup, distributing it evenly throughout the pot.
Reduce the heat so the soup maintains a steady simmer. Cook for 10–15 minutes, stirring periodically, until the orzo becomes tender and absorbs some of the seasoned broth.
Turn the heat down to low. Add the chopped baby spinach, softened cream cheese, and grated Parmesan to the soup.
Cook for an additional 10–15 minutes, stirring frequently, until both cheeses have fully melted into the broth and the spinach is completely wilted. The finished soup should have a smooth, rich, and creamy consistency.