Preheat the oven to 350°F. Lightly coat a 9 × 13-inch baking dish with butter or nonstick cooking spray to prevent the cobbler from adhering to the pan.
Place the sliced fresh apples in a medium mixing bowl. Add the brown sugar, cinnamon, nutmeg, ginger, cornstarch, and lemon juice. Toss thoroughly until the apple slices are evenly covered with the sugar-and-spice mixture. Allow the apples to rest while the remaining layers are prepared.
Distribute the canned apple pie filling evenly across the bottom of the greased baking dish. Arrange the seasoned fresh apples over the pie filling, spreading them into a uniform layer.
Combine the yellow cake mix with the melted, slightly cooled butter. Stir with a fork only until coarse, crumb-like pieces form. Avoid excessive mixing, which may produce a heavier topping.
Scatter the cake-mix crumble evenly over the apples. Leave a few small openings across the surface so steam can escape during baking.
Transfer the dish to the preheated oven and bake for 35–40 minutes. The cobbler is ready when the topping is golden brown and the apple filling is visibly bubbling along the edges.
Remove the baking dish from the oven and allow the cobbler to stand for 10 minutes. This resting period helps the filling thicken slightly before serving.
Serve the cobbler warm directly from the baking dish, accompanied by vanilla ice cream or whipped cream.